{"id":10260,"date":"2024-10-13T19:23:12","date_gmt":"2024-10-13T19:23:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daivings.lv\/?p=10260"},"modified":"2025-04-30T05:28:07","modified_gmt":"2025-04-30T05:28:07","slug":"albury-1804-1837-buru-kugis-starp-angliju-baltijas-juru-un-dienvidafriku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daivings.lv\/ee\/sv-albury-1804-1837-purjelaev-inglismaa-laanemere-ja-louna-aafrika-vahel\/","title":{"rendered":"Purjelaev \u201eAlbury\u201d (1804\u20131837) Inglismaa ja Riia vahel, l\u00e4bi L\u00e4\u00e4nemere ja L\u00f5una-Aafrika Vabariigi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brig \u201eAlbury\u201d \u2013 lugu 30 meetri pikkusest purjelaevast, mis \u00fcletas kunagi ookeane ning koges nii hiilgavat edu kui ka traagilist l\u00f5ppu Daugava v\u00e4ravas.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Purjelaev "Albury" <\/strong>s\u00fcndinud 1804 Newcastle'is (North Shore, Newcastle<\/strong>) Inglismaal Tyne'i j\u00f5el. See uhke purjelaev, mis kaalub 338 tonni ja mille muljetavaldavad m\u00f5\u00f5tmed on 96 jalga pikk, 24 jalga lai ja 17 jalga k\u00f5rge, oli m\u00f5eldud pikamaareiside jaoks. Juba 1805. aastal ilmus Lloydi registrisse kapten T. Boyle'i juhtimisel asuv "Albury", mis tegi reise Londoni ja Riia vahel. L\u00e4\u00e4nemeri sai tema peamiseks tegevusalaks, kauba- ja reisijateveoks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uus elu L\u00f5una-Aafrikas<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aasta 1820 t\u00e4histas Albury ajaloos uut peat\u00fckki. Kapten Cunningham ja tema meeskond asusid Liverpoolist pikale teekonnale L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse. Laeval oli 167 asunikku, kes unistasid uue elu alustamisest selles kaugel maal. P\u00e4rast mitmekuulist merereisi j\u00f5udis Albury Simon's Baysse ja hiljem Algoa Baysse, kuhu oli juba saabunud \u00fcle 100 asuniku, kes olid teiselt laevalt \u00fcmber istunud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Genereeritud
Genereeritud pilt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Traagiline l\u00f5pp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vaatamata paljudele edukatele reisidele oli Albury saatus traagiline. 1837. aasta oktoobris Riiast teel Londonisse naastes sai laev tugevas tormis kannatada. Kuigi kogu meeskond p\u00e4\u00e4steti, sai laev ise j\u00e4\u00e4davalt kannatada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcmberl\u00fckkamine kohalikes lehtedes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sel ajal kajastasid kohalikud ajalehed Albury \u00f5nnetust ulatuslikult. Bolderaja ajalehes avaldati aruanne sellest, kuidas laev Manga\u013csala l\u00e4hedal madalikule s\u00f5itis ja seej\u00e4rel Daugavgr\u012bva kindluse l\u00e4hedale kohta viidi, kus see kahjuks uppus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bolder\u0101jas 10. oktoobril 1837. a.<\/strong> Inglise brig \u201eAlbury\u201c, mis l\u00e4ks 5. kuup\u00e4eval merele oma lasti t\u00e4iendama, jooksis eile umbes kell 11 hommikul madalikule v\u00e4ina idakaldal Mangalsala neeme l\u00e4hedal. Kuna eelmainitud brigg oli madalikule s\u00f5itnud, saanud kahjustada ja hakanud lekkima, p\u00e4\u00e4ses meeskond paadi abil p\u00f5genema. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e4rast edu saavutamist t\u00f5usis veetase tunni aja jooksul enam kui jala v\u00f5rra ja t\u00f5stis uppunud laeva j\u00e4rk-j\u00e4rgult Magnuse saare kitsa neeme kohale; Siin kohtasid seda piloodid, kes p\u00e4\u00e4stsid laeva suurima pingutusega, kuna sellele p\u00e4\u00e4ses ligi ainult kaldalt man\u00f6\u00f6verdades. 21. oktoobril viisid nad laeva Daugava laevateelt v\u00e4ljapoole, Daugavgr\u012bva kindlusest \u00fclesvoolu, kus nad (v\u00f5imalik, et ankru puudumise t\u00f5ttu) lasid brigil p\u00f5hja vajuda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
V\u00f5imalik Albury<\/strong> puhkepaik, uppunud objektide m\u00f5\u00f5tmine 2024. aastal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Laeva oksjon<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e4rast \u00f5nnetust Albury<\/strong> esemed m\u00fc\u00fcdi oksjonil, nagu n\u00e4itavad ajaleheartiklid (Rigasche Zeitung, nr 53 (07.05.1838)) \u2013 purjed, ankrud, ketid, k\u00f6ied, takella ja muud laevatarvikud<\/em><\/strong>. Laev m\u00fc\u00fcdi kindlustusseltside kulude katteks ja see ei l\u00e4inud enam kunagi merele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albury p\u00e4rand<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Albury lugu on t\u00e4is seiklusi, raskusi ja visadust. See laev \u00fchendas maailma eri paiku ja osales ajaloolistes s\u00fcndmustes. Kuigi Alburyt enam pole, elab purjelaev merendusajaloos edasi kui tunnistus inimeste julgusest ja visadusest, kes mere elementidest jagu said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lisainfo, laeva m\u00f5\u00f5dud<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • Laeva m\u00f5\u00f5tmed:<\/strong> 338 brutoregistertonni, 96 jalga pikk, 24,1 jalga lai ja 17,6 jalga k\u00f5rge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • M\u00f5\u00f5dud meetrites: <\/strong>29,3 m, 7,3 m, 5,3 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Esimene mainimine:<\/strong> Aastal 1805 Lloyd's Register kapten T. Boyle'iga ja marsruut London-Riia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • S\u00fcndmused:<\/strong>\n
      \n
    • 1810 T.Boyle T.Boyle (varaline) London\u2013Baltic \/ Malta Lloyd's Register (LR)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1815 T.Boyle Blair Cumming (omanik) London\u2013Malta Liverpool\u2013Jamaica LR<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1820 W. Worth Cumming (varaline) Cork LR<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      1. aastal \u2013 transporditi asunikke L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse.<\/li><\/ol><\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. 1837 \u2013 hukkus Daugava suudmes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Elu Albury pardal 19. sajandil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Elu Albury pardal oleks 19. sajandil erinenud oluliselt t\u00e4nap\u00e4evasest kruiisist. See oli karm reaalsus, mis n\u00f5udis nii f\u00fc\u00fcsilist kui vaimset vastupidavust.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Piiratud ruum ja ebamugavused:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • Kitsad kajutid:<\/strong> Eriti pikkadel reisidel, n\u00e4iteks L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse, pidid reisijad ja meeskond jagama v\u00e4ikeseid halvasti ventileeritud kajuteid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Piiratud sanitaarruumid:<\/strong> Laeval olid v\u00e4ga piiratud sanitaarruumid, mis v\u00f5is p\u00f5hjustada haigusi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Kiikumine ja merehaigus:<\/strong> Laeva pidev k\u00f5ikumine tekitas paljudes reisijates ja meeskonnas merehaiguse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • Voog:<\/strong> Toit oli lihtne ja sageli korduv, koosnes peamiselt konservidest, soolasest lihast ja j\u00e4medast teraviljast. V\u00e4rske toode oli haruldane ja v\u00e4ga v\u00e4\u00e4rtuslik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Milliste v\u00e4ljakutsetega seisid silmitsi asunikud, kes reisisid koos Alburyga L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Ohud:<\/strong> Pidevad ohud tulid tormidest, mereloomadest ja laevahukudest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Meeskonna t\u00f6\u00f6:<\/strong> Laeva t\u00f6\u00f6korras hoidmiseks, lasti peale- ja mahalaadimiseks tuli meeskonnal teha rasket f\u00fc\u00fcsilist t\u00f6\u00f6d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Reisijate tegevusala:<\/strong> Reisijatel polnud palju meelelahutusv\u00f5imalusi. Aja sisustamiseks loeti raamatuid, m\u00e4ngiti kaarte v\u00f5i lihtsalt nauditi merevaateid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Laevaga Albury L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse reisinud kolonistid seisid silmitsi paljude v\u00e4ljakutsetega nii reisi ajal kui ka p\u00e4rast uuele maale j\u00f5udmist. Siin on m\u00f5ned esilet\u00f5stmised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • Pikk ja raske teekond:<\/strong> Inglismaalt L\u00f5una-Aafrikasse ujumine oli pikk ja v\u00e4sitav protsess. Laev k\u00f5ikus, p\u00f5hjustades merehaigust ja ruumi oli piiratud.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Tundmatu tulevik:<\/strong> Kolonistid l\u00e4ksid tundmatule maale, kus polnud mingit garantiid edukaks eluks. Paljud j\u00e4tsid k\u00f5ik, mis neile tuttav oli, ja l\u00e4ksid tundmatusse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Haigused:<\/strong> Laeva pardal ja uuele maale saabumisel oli suur oht nakatuda sellistesse nakkushaigustesse nagu t\u00fc\u00fcfus, koolera ja skorbuut.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Rasked t\u00f6\u00f6tingimused:<\/strong> Kohale j\u00f5udes pidid uusasukad elluj\u00e4\u00e4miseks ehitama uued kodud ja tegema rasket t\u00f6\u00f6d. Kliima erines sellest, millega nad olid harjunud, ja pidid kohanema uute tingimustega.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Sotsiaalsed v\u00e4ljakutsed:<\/strong> Kolonistidel tuli kohaneda eluga uues \u00fchiskonnas, kus nad pidid looma uusi suhteid ja leidma oma koha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • Liiklus kohalikega:<\/strong> Varased suhted p\u00f5liselanikega olid sageli pingelised, kuna asunikud p\u00fc\u00fcdsid omandada uut maad ja selle ressursse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            Albury roll Balti kaubanduses<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Inglise brigil Albury oli 19. sajandi L\u00e4\u00e4nemere kaubanduses oluline roll. See piirkond oli sel ajal intensiivse kaubanduse keskus ja laevad nagu Albury olid osa sellest kaubalaevastikust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            Milline oli Albury roll Balti kaubanduses?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • Kaubavedu:<\/strong> Albury, nagu ka paljud teised tolleaegsed laevad, tegeles peamiselt erinevate kaupade veoga Inglismaa ja Baltikumi sadamate, eriti Riia vahel. Need kaubad v\u00f5ivad olla nii Inglismaalt p\u00e4rit t\u00f6\u00f6stustooted, nagu tekstiil, metall, kui ka Balti regiooni tooraine nagu puit, lina ja p\u00f5llumajandustooted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Majanduslink:<\/strong> Albury ja teised sarnased laevad soodustasid majandussidemeid Inglismaa ja Baltikumi vahel. Kaubandus stimuleeris m\u00f5lema piirkonna arengut, l\u00f5i t\u00f6\u00f6kohti ja edendas kultuurivahetust.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • Teabevahetus:<\/strong> Meremehed olid ka infokandjad. Laevakaptenid ja meeskond olid sageli esimesed, kes kuulsid uudiseid kaugetest maadest. Nad v\u00f5isid kanda kirju, uudiseid turuhindadest ja muid olulisi andmeid.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Millised olid laevaehitusmaterjalid ja -tehnoloogiad 18.\/19. sajandil. sajandil?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              1. sajandil oli laevaehitus oskust\u00f6\u00f6, mis p\u00f5hines sajanditepikkustel kogemustel ja teadmistel. Kuigi tehnoloogia polnud veel t\u00e4nasele tasemele j\u00f5udnud, ehitati laevu suure t\u00e4psuse ja j\u00f5uga, et mere elementidele vastu pidada.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                Materjalid:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Puu:<\/strong> Peamine materjal laevaehituses oli puit. K\u00f5ige sagedamini kasutati tamme, m\u00e4nni, p\u00f6\u00f6ki ja muid k\u00f5vapuitu, millel on k\u00f5rge niiskus- ja m\u00e4danemiskindlus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Raud ja metall:<\/strong> Rauda ja metalli kasutati kinnitusdetailide, naelte, ankrute ja muude metallosade jaoks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Loomsed liimid ja taimsed kiud:<\/strong> Neid aineid kasutati puitdetailide \u00fchendamiseks ja laevakere veekindlaks muutmiseks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  Tehnoloogiad:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Puitkonstruktsioon:<\/strong> Laevad ehitati \u00fcksikutest puidut\u00fckkidest, mis \u00fchendati omavahel, kasutades erinevaid tehnikaid, nagu raudnaelad, puitnaelad ja loomne liim.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Purjetamine:<\/strong> Laevade peamiseks t\u00f5ukej\u00f5uks oli tuul, mist\u00f5ttu p\u00f6\u00f6rati palju t\u00e4helepanu purjedele ja nende t\u00f5husale kasutamisele.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Navigeerimine:<\/strong> Navigeerimine p\u00f5hines t\u00e4htedel, kompassil ja merekaartidel. Astronoomilised vaatlused aitasid kindlaks teha laeva asukoha.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • K\u00e4sit\u00f6\u00f6:<\/strong> Enamik laeva osi valmistati k\u00e4sitsi, kasutades erinevaid puidut\u00f6\u00f6tlemist\u00f6\u00f6riistu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • Laevatehased:<\/strong> Laevad ehitati spetsiaalsetes laevatehastes, mis asusid tavaliselt j\u00f5gede v\u00f5i mere l\u00e4hedal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    Brig \u201eAlbury\u201d \u2013 lugu 30 meetri pikkusest purjelaevast, mis \u00fcletas kunagi ookeane ning koges nii hiilgavat edu kui ka traagilist l\u00f5ppu Daugava v\u00e4ravas. Purjelaev \u201eAlbury\u201d s\u00fcndis 1804. aastal Newcastle'is (North Shore, Newcastle) Tyne'i j\u00f5el Inglismaal. [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10286,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1591],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10260","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kugu-vraki"],"yoast_head":"\nBuru ku\u0123is "Albury" (1804-1837) starp Angliju un R\u012bgu, pa Baltijas j\u016bru un Dienvid\u0101friku - Daivings.lv<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/daivings.lv\/ee\/sv-albury-1804-1837-purjelaev-inglismaa-laanemere-ja-louna-aafrika-vahel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Buru ku\u0123is "Albury" (1804-1837) starp Angliju un R\u012bgu, pa Baltijas j\u016bru un Dienvid\u0101friku - Daivings.lv\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Briga “Albury” \u2013 st\u0101sts par 30 metrus garu buru ku\u0123i, kas sav\u0101 laik\u0101 \u0161\u0137\u0113rsoja oke\u0101nus un piedz\u012bvoja gan spo\u017eus pan\u0101kumus, gan tra\u0123isku galu pie Daugavas v\u0101rtiem. Buru ku\u0123is “Albury” dzima 1804. gad\u0101 \u0145\u016bk\u0101sl\u0101 (North Shore, Newcastle) pie Tainas upes, Anglij\u0101. 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